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| Displaying 1 - 10 of 13 Records |
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Debates on the Measurement of Global Poverty
Edited by Sudhir Anand, Paul Segal, and Joseph E. Stiglitz
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Dec 31, 2009
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IPD Books Program
Poverty Program
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The international community's commitment to halve global poverty by 2015 has been enshrined in the first Millennium Development Goal. How global poverty is measured is a critical element in assessing progress towards this goal, and different researchers have presented widely-varying estimates. The chapters in this volume address a range of problems in the measurement and estimation of global poverty, from a variety of viewpoints. Topics covered include the controversies surrounding the definition of a global poverty line; the use of purchasing power parity exchange rates to map the poverty line across countries; and the quality, and appropriate use, of data from national accounts and household surveys. Both official and independent estimates of global poverty have proved to be controversial, and this volume presents and analyses the lively debate that has ensued.
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Overcoming Developing Country Debt Crises
Edited by Barry Herman, Jose Antonio Ocampo and Shari Spiegel
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Dec 31, 2009
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Debt Restructuring and Sovereign Bankruptcy Program
IPD Books Program
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Developing country debt crises have been a recurrent phenomenon over the past two centuries. In recent times sovereign debt insolvency crises in developing and emerging economies peaked in the 1980s and, again, from the middle 1990s to the start of the new millennium. Despite the fact that several developing countries now have stronger economic fundamentals than they did in the 1990s, sovereign debt crises will reoccur again. The reasons for this are several, but the central one is that economic fluctuations are inherent features of financial markets, the boom and bust nature of which intensify under liberalized financial environments that developing countries have increasingly adopted since the 1970s. Indeed, today we are in the midst of an almost unprecedented global "bust."
The call in this book for international reform of sovereign debt workouts derives from both economic theory and real-world experiences of different processes used for debt workouts. Country case studies underline the point that we need to do better. We recognize that the politics of the international treatment of sovereign debt has not supported systemic reform efforts thus far; however, failure in the past does not preclude success in the future in an evolving international political environment, and the book thus puts forth alternative reform ideas for consideration.
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Growth and Policy in Developing Countries: A Structuralist Approach
By Jose Antonio Ocampo, Codrina Rada and Lance Taylor
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Nov 01, 2009
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IPD Books Program
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Economic structuralists use a broad, systemwide approach to understanding development, and this textbook assumes a structuralist perspective in its investigation of why a host of developing countries have failed to grow at 2 percent or more since 1960. Sensitive to the wide range of factors that affect an economy's strength and stability, the authors identify the problems that have long frustrated growth in many parts of the developing world while suggesting new strategies and policies to help improve standards of living.
After a survey of structuralist methods and post-World War II trends of global economic growth, the authors discuss the role that patterns in productivity, production structures, and capital accumulation play in the growth dynamics of developing countries. Next, it outlines the evolution of trade patterns and the effect of the terms of trade on economic performance, especially for countries that depend on commodity exports.
The authors acknowledge the structural limits of macroeconomic policy, highlighting the negative effects of financial volatility and certain financial structures while recommending policies to better manage external shocks. These policies are then further developed through a discussion of growth and structural improvements, and are evaluated according to which policy options - macro, industrial, or commercial - best fit within different kinds of developing economies.
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Industrial Policy and Development: The Political Economy of Capabilities Accumulation
Edited by Mario Cimoli, Giovanni Dosi and Joseph E. Stiglitz
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Sep 15, 2009
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Industrial Policy Program
IPD Books Program
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In the 1990s, development policy advocated by international financial institutions was influenced by Washington Consensus thinking. This strategy, based largely on liberalization, privatization, and price-flexibility, downplayed, if not disregarded, the role of government in steering the processes of technological learning and economic growth. With the exception of the Far East, many developing countries adopted the view that industrial policy resulted in inefficiency and poor economic growth.
Ample historical evidence shows that industrial policy does work, when the right technologies and industries are supported and when appropriate combinations of policy measures are implemented. This book provides an in-depth exploration of which industrial policies have been successful, the trade-offs associated with these microeconomic approaches to growth and development, and the opportunities and constraints associated with the current organization of international economic relations.
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Taxation in Developing Countries: Six Case Studies and Policy Implications
Edited by by Roger Gordon
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Aug 31, 2009
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IPD Books Program
Tax Program
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This volume provides a detailed assessment of the current tax structure in six developing countries: Argentina, Brazil, India, Kenya, Korea, and Russia. Each of the six case studies lays out the current statutory provisions, how they have evolved over time, the resulting changes in tax revenue, and the key fiscal pressures faced currently looking forward. The volume includes in addition two overview papers that reassess the conventional wisdom about the appropriate design of tax policy in developing countries.
The tax systems in these countries are strikingly at odds with the conventional wisdom in the public finance literature. These countries make little use of personal income taxes. Their value-added taxes have effective tax rates that vary dramatically by good, due to a combination of exempt goods and evasion. They also make substantial use of tariffs and corporate income taxes, distorting trade patterns in goods and capital.
Why are the choices so different from those in developed countries? The key explanation seems to be the greater difficulties they face in tax administration and enforcement. The informal economy is large, while firms in the formal economy can easily understate their tax base. The resulting large variation in effective vs. statutory tax rates raises serious questions about the analysis of tax reforms on the economy. What matters for economic activity are effective tax rates. How these vary as statutory tax rates change may not be at all clear, raising serious challenges in forecasting the effects of possible tax reforms on economic activity or on government tax revenue.
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Privatization: Sucessess and Failures
Edited by Gerard Roland
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Jun 01, 2008
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Privatization
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IPD Books Program
Privatization Program
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The privatization of large state-owned enterprises is one of the most radical policy developments of the last quarter century. Right-wing governments have privatized in an effort to decrease the size of government, while left-wing governments have privatized either to compensate for the failures of state-owned firms or to generate revenues. In this way, privatization has spread from Europe to Latin America, from Asia to Africa, reaching its zenith with Central and Eastern Europe's transition from socialism to capitalism.
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7)
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Capital Market Liberalization and Development
Edited by Joseph E. Stiglitz and Jose Antonio Ocampo
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May 23, 2008
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Capital Market Liberalization Program
IPD Books Program
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Capital market liberalization has been a key battle in the debate on globalization for much of the previous two decades. In an effort to answer some of the critical policy debates surrounding capital market liberalization, this volume brings together some of the leading researchers and practitioners in the field, to provide an analysis of both the risks and alternate policy options available to enhance macroeconomic management.
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The Washington Consensus Reconsidered
Edited by Narcis Serra and Joseph E. Stiglitz
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May 23, 2008
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IPD Books Program
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This volume brings together many of the leading international figures in development studies, such as Jose Antonio Ocampo, Paul Krugman, Dan Rodrik, Joseph Stiglitz, Daniel Cohen, Olivier Blanchard, Deepak Nayyar and Jone Williamson to reconsider and propose alternative development policies to the Washington Consensus. Covering a wide range of issues from macro-stabilization to trade and the future of global governance, this important volume makes a real contribution to this important ongoing debate.
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9)
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Escaping the Resource Curse
Edited by Macartan Humphreys, Jeffrey D. Sachs, and Joseph E. Stiglitz
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Jun 01, 2007
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Resource Curse
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IPD Books Program
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Many countries that are rich with natural resources fall victim to poverty, corruption, civil war, or deep economic crises. This volume examines the paradox of the resource curse by addressing its root causes: a buyer's unfair advantage over a supplier; governments that unwisely live off their capital; insufficient investments in education; theft by political leaders; grievances in producing regions-and what can be done to resolve these issues.
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The Right to Know; Transparency for an Open World
Edited by Ann Florini
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May 01, 2007
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Transparency
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IPD Books Program
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The Right to Know is a timely and compelling consideration of a vital question: What information should governments and other powerful organizations disclose? Excessive secrecy corrodes democracy, facilitates corruption, and undermines good public policymaking, but keeping a lid on military strategies, personal data, and trade secrets is crucial to the protection of the public interest.
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