Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation, by Stephen Penman

WEB LINKS

INDEX

I.                  Coverage of U.S. Companies

A.    Company and Market Information/Overview

B.     SEC Filings & Annual Reports

C.     Current Financial News

D.    Earnings Report Calendars

E.     Analysts� Reports and Research

F.      US Stock Exchange Sites

G.    Insider Trading Reports

H.    Investor Forums

I.       Ticker Symbol Look-up

J.       Transactions: M&A, IPO, Private Equity, etc

K.    Earnings Surprise Reports

II.               Coverage of International Companies

A.    Companies, Markets & Financial Data

B.     Emerging Markets

C.     ADRs

D.    International Stock Exchange Sites

III.           Industry & Market Analysis

A.    Industry Research and Analyst Reports

B.     Industry Overview and Trends

C.     Portfolio Tracking

D.    SIC Codes

E.     Company Comparison Tools

IV.           Historical Data

A.    Indices and Investment Returns

B.     Archival Searches & Press Reports

V.               Financial Reporting Policy

A.    Accounting Standards, Regulators, Government Agencies and Organizations

VI.           Research Tools

A.    Financial Glossaries

B.     Stock Screening Engines

C.     Charting Engines

Note: Web Sites came and go, so some links may longer exist. �Free� sites migrate to paid subscription sites over time.

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I. Coverage of U.S. Companies

  1. Company and Market Information/ Overview

These sites give you a basic company overview, including company profiles, current stock price charts, current and historical price multiples, some analysis of fundamentals, current news reports, and analyst forecasts. Some sites require membership, but there is much free information on these sites. Choose one and make it your primary first stop resource.

If you are a university student or faculty member, you will be able to access subscription-based resources through your library�s web access. At Columbia Business School, go to: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/business/. Select a database (many of which can be accessed anywhere), and log on to the sites using your unix id (the first part of your email address, do not add "@columbia.edu") and enter your password.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through library web access)

  • S&P (Standard & Poor's NetAdvantage) is very comprehensive. You can look up a symbol, type in a company or ticker, and receive a plethora of relevant information: company profile sheet, financial highlights, industry and competitive analysis (comps that you can download into excel), corporate actions, news, stock and bond reports, and more importantly, Compustat Excel Analytics. A (limited) educational version of NetAdvantage is available in the Student Edition of the web site.
  • The Business & Company Recourse Center and Factiva is good for a basic company overview. Type in your company name, key word or ticker- and you will get SIC & NAICS codes and key officer & company data. You can also find news, investment reports (from various sources), financials, rankings, and an industry overview- based on SIC codes. You can also get information on private companies (although not much).
  • OSIRIS is a comprehensive database of listed corporations, banks and insurance companies around the world. In addition to the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow and ratios it contains news, ownership, ratings, earnings estimates and stock data.
  • ORBIS is a useful database for company and industry analysis. Type in your company name or ticker- and you will access a full company report (description, SEC filings and financial data with ratios, information on company board and management, shareholders, mergers and acquisitions, subsidiaries, stock data, segment data, news, etc.), peer and other analyses.
  • Thomson ONE Banker offers analysis and full report of public companies, information on indices, comparables, research, market awareness with economics data, ownership, deals analysis, private equity, directors and officers, screening and targeting, research tools

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • Yahoo! Finance http://finance.yahoo.com/. Very straight forward and easy to use. This site is heavily centered on market action & information. On the home page, you will be able to type in a ticker (and/or lookup a ticker), and get stock price information (quotes are 20 min. behind), charts, headlines, company information (profile, key stats, links to SEC filings, competitors & Industry), analyst coverage, ownership summary, and financial statements. This site provides a lot of information, and is not as restricted as some of the other sites. Also the analyst opinions are valuable for a quick look at breakdown of the recommendations, mean, changes and juxtapositions with industry means & the S&P.
  • Google Finance http://www.google.com/finance has similar information to Yahoo! Finance.��
  • ClearStation http://clearstation.etrade.com/ offers market, industry, indexes and company information. You can type in a ticker, and get company profile and fundamentals (key stats/metrics, stock performance, key officers), charts, headlines, news and other�
  • SEC EDGAR http://www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/webusers.htm. The EDGAR page provides links to all SEC filings in html format, including annual reports 10K with financial statements. (EDGAR will be replaced by IDEA in the future.)
  • CI Corporate Information- get corporate profiles, information of firm's operations and research reports on companies at http://www.corporateinformation.com/. You must register so as to gain access to a select group of company profiles for free; after which, you must pay to use the site.
  • Hoover's Online http://www.hoovers.com/free/ . On the home page, you will be able to search for a company by entering the company name or ticker. You will get a company "fact sheet", basic industry information, top competitors and subsidiaries/affiliates. You can also get stock quotes, key financial data, news, and some industry information. As with many free sites, there are several pop-up ads that can be distracting. Although this site contains a lot of free information, there are many locked areas, which can only be accessed through a subscription.
  • Reuters site http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks
  • MSN Money http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/home.aspx
  • McGraw-Hill Irwin S&P Market Insight http://emi.compustat.com/cgi-irwinus-auth/mihome.cgi?app=irwinus. Provides with company and industry profiles, data, news, extensive financial statement information, stock price history, corporate action and analytic reports, trends and projections
  • PCQuote.com http://www.pcquote.com/ . Good for getting a stock quote, price information and a data table (including beta, eps, etc.). Most of the information on this site centers around the stock price of the company, you will not find the company profiles that you will see on other sites.
  • Investor Guide http://www.investorguide.com/ . Type in a ticker, and you get very basic information: name, chart, exchange, size (large-cap, mid-cap, etc.) and a list of competitors. More categories direct you to other web sites, [ie. if you are looking for company profile, the site recommends Yahoo, The Street, CNET, CNN Money, Morningstar, etc. This site is good to find other links, but not great as a primary source.
  • Barrons http://www.barrons.com/ . Barrons works with the Wall Street Journal to provide company information, news, key facts. (In order to receive more research on the company, you will need to subscribe.)
  • BusinessWeek offers company overview/profile, financials, news, charts, earnings, ownership, key officers, transactions, ownership, stock and options information http://investing.businessweek.com/research/company/overview/overview.asp
  • Zacks http://www.zacks.com/ . In addition to quotes, company profiles, news, and charts, Zacks provides earnings estimates
  • Stock Charts http://stockcharts.com/charts/
  • Vickers Stock Research provides company profile and ownership information http://www.vickers-stock.com/
  • Link directly to companies' web sites through Investor Guide Index at http://www.investorguide.com/
  • Valuation Resources provides links to industry information http://www.valuationresources.com/
  1. SEC Filings & Annual Reports

Financial reports can be obtained from the public resources; but unless you have to, it is easier to go through the library web site and download the relevant financial data into excel. Financial reports can also be obtained from most firms' web sites (especially if you are looking outside the U.S.).

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through a Library)

  • Thomson ONE Banker offers analysis and full report of public companies. To download SEC financial statements and other information into a spreadsheet, please go to SEC filings and other financial reports and use the option to download in Excel or other format (menu on the top of the screen).
  • ORBIS allows to access company financial statements, metrics and ratios, export it into Excel, Word, Pdf and other format by clicking �Export� on the top menu (on the right side of the screen).�
  • Factiva is a searchable full-text database of nearly 8,000 newswires, newspapers, magazines and trade journals. It has comparative data on companies and industries. Also, company SEC filings.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • Guide to Filings from the Securities Exchange Commission, this site explains each form http://www.sec.gov/info/edgar/forms/edgform.pdf
  • SEC Edgar database http://www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/webusers.htm is useful because you can search recent filings as well as the historical EDGAR archives. They recently added a section on Mutual Fund Prospectuses.
  • FreeEdgar http://www.freeedgar.com/ is free, although you do have to register with the site. It has a watchlist and download features.
  • Annual Report Gallery annual reports http://www.annualreports.com/ and http://www.reportgallery.com
  • Annual Reports Library- the Library contains over 1.45 million original copies of Annual Reports (and proxies) from corporations, foundations, banks, mutual funds and public institutions located around the world. This is a for-fee service, but the site also has a useful collection of links to other annual report sites. http://www.zpub.com/sf/arl/
  • Annual Reports (Investor Relations Information Network)- Company annual reports. Full text with graphics (in PDF format). Also, request free printed annual reports for many companies via E-mail. http://www.irin.com/cgi-bin/main.cgi
  • Annual Report Service http://www.annualreportservice.com/ requires free registration for the service
  • PRARS http://www.prars.com/ (The Public Register's Annual Report Service) for requesting free annual reports of the companies that participate in PRARS (mailed within one business day)
  • Investor Relations Information Network - This site provides access to online annual reports (PDF format) for companies, as well as links to company home pages and much more. http://www.irin.com/cgi-bin/main.cgi
  1. Current Financial News

These sites deliver financial news. On many sites, they can automatically email you updates on a specified subject matter (for free). Many of the aforementioned sites (in section A. Company Information/Overview) contain current financial news as well.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through a Library)

  • Factiva is a searchable full-text database of nearly 8,000 newswires, newspapers, magazines and trade journals.
  • ABI INFORM (dateline, global, trade & industry) is an interdisciplinary database which also contains Newspaper Abstracts and Periodical Abstracts. It includes more than 2,000 professional, scholarly, trade and general interest periodicals, including full-text for 1,000 titles and citations and abstracts for the others. The database also covers 27 primary and secondary U.S. newspapers (including a 90-day rolling file of The New York Times), 11 of which are in full-text
  • LexisNexis Academic is an interdisciplinary, full-text database of over 18,000 sources including newspapers, journals, wire services, newsletters, company reports, case law, government documents, transcripts of broadcasts, and selected reference works. Public opinion data back to 1930s from the Roper Center.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Earnings Report Calendars

Calendars of expected earnings report dates. Some services will email you with updates, changes, etc.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Analysts' Reports/ Research

Analyst reports and research will give you a detailed understanding of a particular company. You can get the analysts' forecasts for the firms' earnings as well as specific insight. Initiating reports (sell-side research) oftentimes gives the most information on a particular company, including a full income statement and/or balance sheet data, an in-depth discussion of the company's product and services, a competitive analysis and market overview.

In addition to these resources, it is useful to look at relevant Industry Research (section III A), as there will be information on a selected companies.

The subscription-based data through a (university) library is most useful here; it is best to start with these resources. Many of the free sites will give you a list of research, but will most likely make you pay for each report.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through a Library)

  • Reuters Research on-Demand gives full-text investment research reports supplied by leading investment banks, brokerage firms and third party providers http://www.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/cul/resolve?APQ5971
  • Thomson One Banker research � provides sell-side reports from the banking and brokerage institutions
  • Standard & Poor's provides company research, but does not give other analysts' recommendations

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • Zacks http://www.zacks.com/research/ is great if you want analysts' earnings estimates. It provides the average of the estimates, the number of analysts, low, high and EPS growth rate
  • Reuters provides earnings estimates and recommendations on stocks culled from hundreds of research firms. The service also provides limited free research reports from sponsoring firms http://www.reuters.com
  • Researchstock.com provides research on small/mid cap and some large cap firms that are being overlooked by major research staffs. This is a subscription-based website, but has a lot of free research reports on various industries (Advertising & Marketing Services Industry, .coms, pharmaceuticals, consumer products) and companies (including AOL Time Warner, Anheuser-Busch, The Limited, amazon.com) http://www.researchstock.com/
  • TheStreet.com provides earnings estimates courtesy of First Call. The Research section provides not only current estimates, but also historical estimates and revisions over the past few months. Industry growth rates and industry & sector earnings estimates are included in a comparative table http://www.thestreet.com/
  • The Online Investor http://www.theonlineinvestor.com/ also gives earnings estimates and analyst information.
  • Quicken Quotes http://www.quicken.com/investments/quotes/ provides earnings estimates, covering analysts, EPS data, analyst ratings, etc. It will also direct you to research reports from Multex, S&P and PIRS Research; but unless you purchase a subscription, you will not get access to this information
  • Yahoo! Finance � has a specific area dedicated to research http://biz.yahoo.com/r/
  1. US Stock Exchange Sites

Market and firm information. You can find stock exchange information directly on the web via their websites:

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Insider Trading Reports

Get details on the trading activities of corporate insiders.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  1. Investor Forums

Investor forums are usually free. Many of the links in section I A also have dedicated areas where one may join/observe investor forums

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Ticker Symbol Look-Up

You can find and search for ticker symbols on most of the aforementioned Company Information/ Overview websites (see section I A)

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Transactions: M&A, IPO, Private Equity, etc.

Most transactions are described in a press release and can be found in company news (see section I. C). However, if you are want to find all of the M&A activity that occurred in a specific industry group or company, then going to the library, including Bloomberg, is your best bet. You can do an SDC search (which is the most efficient way of performing an in-depth search for analysis). Specifics of the transaction are usually provided if the deal is large; but sometimes, in smaller deals, finding the press release will yield more details than an SDC search.

Subscription-based services (through Business School Library)

  • SDC Platinum (Business Electronic Resources) - SDC is only available in the Business Library and there is an embargo period of 60 days on the data in SDC. Data can be downloaded through http://www.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/cul/resolve?clio5020753 (click on the Deals tab). The three components of the Business Library's subscription to SDC are:
    • VentureExpert, which has data on venture capital deals from 1970 onward. 70% of the companies are private. VentureXpert offers the most extensive query and report database for the private equity industry, helping market professionals to raise capital efficiently, invest that capital wisely, and exit from those� investments profitably. VentureXpert is the single source for comprehensive information on venture funds, private firms, executives, venture-backed companies and limited partners, as well as an analytics source for fund performance, commitments, disbursements, and statistics. VentureXpert's comprehensive data includes: investment information for over 23,500 private-equity backed companies, over 7,100 venture capital and buyouts funds managed by over 4,400 private equity firms, over 118,000 private equity transactions from 1970 to the present Exclusive deal and fund information from all corners of the globe.
    • Worldwide Merger and Acquisitions, which contains data on all corporate transactions involving at least 5% of the ownership of a company, varied coverage from 1980 onward.
    • New Issues, containing all taxable issues of debt, equity and taxable municipals since 1970.
    • Mergers, Acquisitions & Alliances (Business Electronic Resources) - contains data on domestic mergers from 1979 to the present and 1985 to the present for international. (because of our contract this is a 60 day embargo on the information). The database includes all transactions involving at least 5% of the ownership of a company where a transaction was valued at $1 million or more (after 1992, deals of any value are covered. The Database is updated daily, but there is a 60 day embargo on the data via our academic subscription. Available only at the Business School Library (not available online off campus)
  • Galante's Venture Capital and Private Equity Directory (Business Electronic Resources)- CD-ROM version of Galante's print directory. Includes profiles of over 1,700 firms and investors, searchable by name, geography, type of firm, industry, size and other variables. This database is available ONLY in the Business Library. Results may be printed but not downloaded.
  • Dealscan (Business Electronic Services) -DealScan is a comprehensive and reliable source for global loan, high-yield bond and private placement data terms and conditions on over 100,000 transactions dating back to 1986. Approximately 250 new transactions are added weekly to the database. DealScan contains over 200 search categories, which can be used to customize a search and screen comprehensive data to find market information. Search by borrower information including (country/region, ratings, SIC codes), by purpose, on over 70 currency types, by pricing, covenants and fees. Reports can be sorted, printed, and downloaded into Microsoft Excel for further analysis. Both simple and detailed reports are available. Use customizable report options and select and display only relevant information. Generate League Tables on the fly. Display reports in a currency of your choice. Available only at the Business School Library (not available online off campus)
  • Deal Focus provides access to The Deal.com
  • Global Corporate Finance through SDC (also online through Thomson ONE Banker under Deals Analysis: Equity or Bonds) (Business Electronic Resources) - The SDC Platinum Global Corporate Finance database provides information on U.S. and non-U.S. domestic new issues, international warrants, worldwide syndicated loans, medium term note programs, and U.S. underwritten calls. Delivering the most in-depth information available, the Global Corporate Finance database covers more than 112,000 U.S. public offerings with 800 data elements dating back to 1970, and 50,000 public offerings with 500 data elements dating back to 1983. There is a 60 day embargo on the data.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • The Deal.com � Get information on M&A, Private Equity, Venture Capital, IPO and Bankruptcies. Sign up and receive email alerts on transactions. Membership required for most of the site, some parts are free. http://www.thedeal.com/NASApp/cs/CS?pagename=Home&c=Page&cid=1011714706980
  • IDD Magazine (Investment Dealers' Digest) � Has an investment banking database, and a database for private equity and M&A deals. You can sign up for a free trial subscription, but after two weeks, you will have to pay for access. http://www.iddmagazine.com/idd/weeklyheadlines.cfm
  • Mergerstat (Global Mergers & Acquisition Information) � Most of this site requires a subscription; however, you can access recent M&A news for free. http://www.mergerstat.com/� �
  • VFinance.com � Search through a free database of Venture Capital firms, see what firms are investing in what industries, companies, etc. Most of the site is free; great resource for VC information. http://www.vfinance.com/
  • Business Valuation Resources � Search through a comprehensive industry database (via SIC/NAICS codes) for recent transactions. You will get deal size, price paid, some financial data. This database is for subscribers, but you can do free searches via the "visitor search" button. http://www.bvmarketdata.com/CPSAdvSearch.asp
  • Valuation Resources � Most of the links on this site require paid subscriptions, but there are many free areas to some of these sites. Worth taking a look http://www.valuationresources.com/TransactionData.htm
  • IPO Central - Find IPOs by industry, underwriter, state or metro area. Or, browse IPOs alphabetically or chronologically by filing date. Includes prospectuses, analyses, news, and more. Most of the information is free, but there is a portion of the site that requires subscription. http://www.hoovers.com/global/ipoc/index.xhtml
  • IPO Express � Up-to-date IPO information. http://www.edgar-online.com/
  • PriceWaterhouse Coopers National Venture Capital Study - The Price Waterhouse Survey Research Center contacts more than 1,000 venture capital firms to gather data on each firm's investments during the prior quarter. The information collected and analyzed by Price Waterhouse includes investment by sector (for example, software, hardware & peripherals, semiconductors & equipment, and biotechnology & medical instrumentation), the investment round, total amount of the round and the co-investors. http://www.pwcmoneytree.com/moneytree/index.jsp
  • Red Herring � Free registration. Information on IPOs. http://www.redherring.com/
  • Open IPO.com � From Hambrecht & Co. Free information on IPOs, company and market data. http://www.openipo.com/ind/index.html
  • Yahoo! IPO � Yahoo! Finance has a section dedicated to IPOs. http://biz.yahoo.com/ipo/
  • IPO Guys � IPO research and analysis; announcements of recent filings, withdrawals, pricing information. Much of this site is free. http://www.ipoguys.com/
  • The IPO Network � A good source for information on IPOs; searchable database http://www.ipo-network.com/
  • Renaissance Capital � IPO information: calendar, news, pricing, rankings, data, underwriters, IPO index. http://www.ipohome.com/
  • IPO Monitor � Recent filings, pricings, IPO information. http://www.ipomonitor.com/
  • 123 Jump.com Global Financial Markets � IPO calendar, profiles and performance. http://www.123jump.com/ipo/index.htm
  1. Earnings Surprise Reports

����� Yahoo! http://biz.yahoo.com/zacks/

II. ���� Coverage of International Companies

  1. Companies, Markets & Financial Data

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  • Guide to Foreign Direct Investment - Use this as a starting point for finding print and electronic sources of information in the Watson Library. http://faq.cul.columbia.edu/recordList?library=col_business&institution=Columbia�
  • Datastream (with international coverage, available through the library) - Contains IMF, OECD, and European Union financial data for hundreds of countries, including direct investment abroad, debt and equity portfolio investment, and direct investment within the host country. Also includes aggregate import and export data, balance of payments, and a wide range of other financial information. Data is available in time-series format and downloadable directly into a spreadsheet. An excellent online manual is available via Princeton University. The HELP-LINE can assist you with particular codes and macros: (212) 804-4004.
  • Factiva - Click the "Companies/Markets" button on the navigation bar. Search by stock symbol or company name to locate financial profiles on more than 12,000 major companies in 58 countries, including those both publicly and privately held. Reports include corporate profiles, operating summaries, balance sheets, income statements, financial ratios, stock data, and accounting practices.
  • Reuters Research on-Demand � Search by stock symbol or company name to access the analyst coverage supplied by international investment banks, brokerage firms and third party providers http://www.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/cul/resolve?APQ5971
  • LEXIS-NEXIS Academic Universe - Select "Business", then select region/location and search for companies and access their �Financial Information� (using the menu on the left).
  • LEXIS-NEXIS Statistical (Statistical Universe) - Provides statistical data, bibliographical citations to statistical information from U.S. government publications from 1973, state and private sources from 1980, and international organizations from 1983. Some items have links to full-text. Comprised of American Statistics Index (ASI),Index to International Statistics (IIS), and Statistical Reference Index (SRI). Coverage varies; updated monthly
  • STAT-USA. - (Web-accessible database). Contains detailed reports on investment conditions for hundreds of countries, as well as economic policy and trade practices, foreign economic relations, labor trends, country-specific commercial guides, exchange rate information, and FDI flows by source country, usually for the past three to five years. Sections particularly relevant for FDI include the sections on Country Specific Information and the Market Reports Historical Archive.
  • Global Corporate Finance (Through SDC or Thomson ONE Banker online) (Business Electronic Resources) - The SDC Platinum Global Corporate Finance database provides information on U.S. and non-U.S. domestic new issues, international warrants, worldwide syndicated loans, medium term note programs, and U.S. underwritten calls. Delivering the most in-depth information available, the Global Corporate Finance database covers more than 112,000 U.S. public offerings with 800 data elements dating back to 1970, and 50,000 public offerings with 500 data elements dating back to 1983. There is a 60 day embargo on the data. Only available in the Business School Library.
  • World Development Indicators - HC59.15 .W656 1998 (Reference) CD ROM (CD-ROM HC59.69 .W683 available in The Electronic Data Service. World Bank data from over 200 countries and more than 800 time series, including Foreign Direct Investment Inflows as a percentage of GDP and GDI, Gross Domestic Fixed Investment, net direct and portfolio investment, and a wide range of other economic and socio-economic time series. Data is annual and can be downloaded directly into Excel, SAS and other statistical software packages. Selected indicators are available on the web site linked with the title, above.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

General International Business Community

  • Bureau of Export Administration - Resources and Regulations. http://www.doc.gov/
  • International Trade Web Resources - Maintained by the Federation of International Trade Associations, this site is a good place to begin research on international trade. http://www.fita.org/webindex/noaccess.html
  • Web resources for international economics & business - Comprehensive coverage of international business and economics. http://noah.ship.edu/�
  • Country Studies: Area Handbook Series - From the Library of Congress, this site provides extensive information on foreign countries. Searchable database. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cshome.html
  • Currency Converter - From OANDA, this converter allows you to specify conversions by Interbank rate + various percentages, as well as credit card and cash rates. Currency conversions can be calculated back to January 1990. http://www.oanda.com/convert/classic
  • Currency Converter XE - Universal currency converter http://www.xe.com/
  • Currency Converter � From the University of British Columbia http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/
  • Fortune Global 500 Arranged by rank, but also searchable. http://www.oanda.com/convert/classic
  • St. Louis Fed � macroeconomic indicators and foreign exchange http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/
  • GRA Research Hotlinks - A collection of links for political risk research. Bypass the first part of the page (with basic search tools) to reach links for background and data on countries, as well as links to sites that report on risk. http://www.grai.com/links.htm
  • 123 Jump.com Global Financial Markets � IPO calendar, profiles and performance. http://www.123jump.com/ipo/index.htm
  • S&P Global Indices � http://www.spglobal.com/
  • Dow Jones Indexes � http://www.djindexes.com/
  • iShares � offers information on international funds and index funds http://www.ishares.com/
  • Closed-End Fund Association � covers ETFs and global funds http://www.cefa.com/
  • GlobalEDGE - Extensive links for international business from the Center for International Business Education & Research (CIBER) at Michigan State University. http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/ibrd.asp
  • Intergovernmental Organizations - Links to Intergovernmental Organizations. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/business/ir/intgov.html
  • Intergovernmental Organizations Publications - This is a gateway to the ready reference sources of IGOs such as the European Bank for Recontruction & Development, the IMF, etc. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/business/ir/intgov.html�
  • IDB - International Data Base - The International Data Base (IDB) is a computerized data bank containing statistical tables of demographic, and socio-economic data for all countries of the world. http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/�
  • International Trade Center - The International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) is the focal point in the United Nations system for technical cooperation with developing countries in trade promotion. ITC is directly responsible for implementing UNDP-financed projects in developing countries and economies in transition related to trade promotion. http://www.intracen.org/
  • International Monetary Fund - This site includes IMF publications, featuring links to full text publications listed alphabetically, IMF Working Papers in full text, as well as the catalog of IMF publications in PDF. http://www.imf.org/external/
  • International Trade Administration - Resources include statistics, information on regions, industries, hot topics and more. http://www.ita.doc.gov/
  • Investor Relations Information Network - This site provides access to online annual reports (PDF format) for companies, as well as links to company home pages and much more. http://www.irin.com/cgi-bin/main.cgi
  • Institute for Management Development - Publishes the World Competitiveness Report, parts of which are excerpted at this site. http://www01.imd.ch/
  • IC2 Institute - The Institute provides unique approaches to the study of business, technology, political, social, and economic issues by studying unstructured problems, developing multidisciplinary think teams and going beyond functional boundaries, linking theory with practice, and providing opportunities to think anew within a university environment. http://www.ic2.org/
  • Market Access Database - From the EU, provides News of the Commission's Market Access Strategy, as well as Market Access Sectoral and Trade Barriers Database arranged by country and GATS Info-Point, containing a complete guide to the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), and more. Some additional services are restricted to members. http://mkaccdb.eu.int/
  • Market Access Information - Arranged by country, this site provides country commercial guides, and country reports on economic and trade policy. From the Trade Compliance Center, U.S. Dept. of Commerce. http://tcc.export.gov/index.asp�
  • NAFTA (SICE: Foreign Trade Information System) - Text of the North American Free Trade Agreement. http://www.sice.oas.org/trade/nafta/naftatce.asp
  • NAICS - The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) provides common industry definitions for Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The new NAICS system will replace the countries' separate classification systems with one uniform system for classifying industries. In the United States, NAICS will replace the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html
  • OECD Online - Contains links to documents, the publications catalog, statistics, news, and information about member countries, with a searchable index. http://www.oecd.org/home/
  • Also see The Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members--OECD, which serves as the "focal point for the development of policy dialogue between OECD and non-member economies." The site provides information about programs carried out by the Center such as Emerging Market Economy Forum, the Transition Economy Program, and various country and regional programs. Also available at the site is Transition Brief, a quarterly newsletter that provides updates on the activities of The Centre. Visitors to the site will also find a list of publications and free documentation. http://www.oecd.org/countrieslist/0,3351,en_33873108_33844430_1_1_1_1_1,00.html�
  • The Electronic Data Service at Columbia University provides access to the OECD International Sectoral Database. http://www.columbia.edu/acis/eds/
  • Office of the U.S. Trade Representative - Access reports, including the Study on the Operation and Effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement[released July 16, 1997, 140 pages in length], the National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers, and the Trade Policy Agenda & Annual Report of the President of the United States on the Trade Agreements Program. Also available from this site are transcripts of speeches and Congressional testimony by USTR Officials, and Agreements Negotiated by the U.S. Trade Representative. Most files are in PDF format. http://www.ustr.gov/
  • Transparency International - is a non-governmental organisation dedicated to increasing government accountability and curbing both international and national corruption. http://www.transparency.org/
  • World Bank - The resources here include an Online Library; electronic version of print publications. http://www.worldbank.org/
  • World Trade Agreement - The Final Act and Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. (including GATT 1994), Uruguay Round. Text is searchable. http://www.jus.uio.no/lm//international.economic.law/wto.html
  • World Trade Organization - Resources include research and analysis and news releases. http://www.wto.org/

Asia, Pacific-Rim, ASEAN

  • Asia Business Connection- This site contains links to manufacturers, exporters, importers, business services, contacts and other information. http://www.asiabiz.com/
  • Asia Foundation- The Asia Foundation is a private, nonprofit, nongovernmental organization working to build leadership, improve policies, and strengthen institutions to foster greater openness and shared prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region. Resources include: Reports and Publications. http://www.asiafoundation.com/
  • Asia Trade- Links to resources related to trading in Asia including: Conventions and Trade, Exhibitions, Importers & Exporters, Insurance Companies, Banking & Financial Institutions, Real Estate Investments, and more. http://www.asiatrade.com/
  • Daiwa Institute of Research- Included are reports under the following headings: Viewpoint, Economic Reports, Strategy Reports, Corporate and Industry Reports, and Asia Pacific Reports. http://www.dir.co.jp/english/index.html�
  • Japan Financials- Complete detailed financial statement data for all companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. http://japanfinancials.com/
  • JETRO- Japan's External Trade Organization, provides a web site full of useful data and resources. http://www.jetro.go.jp/�
  • Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)- The Ministry site informs visitors about Japan's current economic policies. Reports available include the plans to reform the economic structure, trade issues, and the 1997 White Paper on International Trade which looks at trends in world trade and long-term issues concerning Japanese trade and industry. A collection of chronologically sorted press releases, transcripts of press conferences, statistics on industrial production, and a summary of industrial economic trends can be found at this site. A collection of trade-related reports and Japanese submissions to the World Trade Organization (WTO) are also available. http://www.meti.go.jp/english/index.html�
  • Nikkei Net Interactive- Latest news and resources on Japan and Asian economies. http://www.nni.nikkei.co.jp/

Canada

  • Canadian Filings Database � SEDAR- The SEDAR Database contains publicly accessible information and documents filed with the securities commissions by Canadian public companies and mutual funds as well as related third parties, all of whom are required to file disclosure documents and other information electronically. http://www.sedar.com/
  • Strategis- This site was developed by Industry Canada and provides a searchable database of Canadian companies, business information for each sector, a list of business support services, and a guide to business laws and regulations. Trade Data Online provides Canadian and US trade data. http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/

Europe

  • Companies House - The organization with which UK public companies must file -- approximate equivalent to the SEC in the US. http://www.companies-house.gov.uk/
  • Company Guide - Includes financial information on publicly traded British companies. The information includes 5 Yr Summary P&L with Balance Sheet, Daily Share Price, Brokers' Consensus, Shareprice Graph, Advisers, Directors, Major Shareholders, Registrars, Contact Details, and Key Dates. http://www.hemscott.com/�
  • Euromoney - This site provides numerous resources including the current issue of EuroMoney magazine, full text search, and data on countries and markets. Content is free, but you are asked to register to use the service. http://www.euromoney.com/
  • Euro Pages - One can search for companies by industry and geography. Also has statistical and textual information on European industry sectors. http://www.europages.com/
  • Information on the Euro- The official EU site for Euro information. Euro Conversion Rates, for the 12 countries which have tied their currencies to the Euro. EURO Currency Converter. http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/the_euro/index_en.htm?cs_mid=2946�
  • European Central Bank http://www.ecb.int/
  • Financial Europe (Email) - A web news service with analysis on the EU & Euro issues; mostly in French. http://www.fee-euro.com/
  • The Single Currency and the European Parliament http://www.europarl.eu.int/euro/default_en.htm
  • Maastricht Treaty - Text of the treaty. http://europa.eu/scadplus/treaties/maastricht_en.htm�
  • Western Europe and the European Union Information Resources - From the Lehman Library at Columbia University. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/lehman/guides/westoid.html
  • European Case Clearinghouse Online - The European Case Clearing House maintains three separate collections of case materials:- 1. Harvard Business School (HBS) 2. University of Western Ontario (UWO) and 3. The European Case Clearing House (ECCH). Collectively these represent over 10,000 items and include case studies, videos, technical notes, industry notes, case software and course modules. http://www.ecch.com
  1. Emerging Markets

Emerging markets is typically defined as a financial market of a developing country, usually a small market with a short operating history. Countries in the process of building market-based economies are broadly referred to as emerging markets, though there are major differences among the countries included in this category. Some emerging-market countries, including Russia, have only recently relaxed restrictions on a free-market economy. Others, including Indonesia, have opened their markets more widely to overseas investors, and still others, including Mexico, are expanding industrial production. Their combined stock market capitalization is less than 3% of the worldwide total.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  • ISI Emerging Markets News - A comprehensive collection of full-text sources and financial information from emerging markets, including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, China, India, the Baltic States, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine.
  • Global Insight (e.g. MSCI) - Includes research/data on indices and other products. Once in the database click on datainsight web (from menu on the left) and then select a keyword search (MSCI). http://www.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/cul/resolve?APQ6028

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • Emerging Markets -- The Newspaper of Record for the World's Development Bank Meetings - Emerging Markets is the daily newspaper of record for the joint annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as well as the annual meetings of the Inter-American Development Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, African and Asian Development Banks. http://www.emergingmarkets.org/
  • Emerging Markets Companion - Distinguished by its focus on Latin American debt instruments, this site has asset pricing, research, news, and more for Brady Bonds, euro and non-euro bonds. http://www.emgmkts.com/
  • JP Morgan -Research focuses on debt markets in emerging economies. http://www.jpmorgan.com/
  • Emerging Markets Bond Index Plus - Created in 1993, EMBI tracks total returns for traded external debt instruments in emerging markets such as Brady Bonds and Eurobonds. http://product.datastream.com/Navigator�
  • Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Barra - Includes Market Performance charts, News, Press Releases, Research MSCI Index Information (Taiwan, Singapore Free), MSCI RISK Indicators, MSCI Value and Growth Indices MSCI Small Cap and Extended Indices and other information. http://www.mscibarra.com/index.jsp/
  • RENIC - The Russian and East European Network Center from the University of Texas at Austin. Searchable by keywords or browse by country http://reenic.utexas.edu/index.html
  • Trends in Developing Economies (TIDE) - provides brief reports on most of the World Bank's borrowing countries. This compendium of individual country economic trends complements the World Bank's World Development Report, which looks at major global and regional economic trends and their implications for the future prospects of the developing economies. TIDE digests information from national sources and adds staff commentary to explain recent developments. Experimental access to Trends in Developing Economies is available through
    World Wide Web search interface (linked under: Archival and Access Information"). http://www.ciesin.org/IC/wbank/tde-home.html
  • LATCO - Tools of the Trade - Useful Sites for International Trade with Latin America. http://www.latco.org/tools.htm
  • LANIC (Latin America Network Information Center) - Internet Resources from University of Texas at Austin. http://lanic.utexas.edu/
  • Mbendi - Information for Africa - Dubbed Africa's electronic encyclopedia for business and commercial information, The MBendi AfroPaedia is compiled by MBendi Information Services to assist companies and business people...In our pages you will find information on the business opportunities and challenges in the countries of Africa, the companies and organisations active in various industry sectors (Oil, Gas, Chemicals, Mining etc.), the leading business and government personalities, details of conferences and exhibitions, a directory of products and services, the larger development projects currently underway in Africa, key African publications, and information on the African Stock Exchanges. This information is updated continuously, with important changes listed in our new pages section. http://www.mbendi.co.za/
  • Middle East Internet Directory � companies arranged by country and industry http://www.arab.net/meid/
  • Financial Times - The FT site includes useful features that can be used for acquiring emerging markets intelligence. Requires registration. Click on Contents to access the front page. The information pertinent to emerging markets can be found under Company Briefing as well as the World Shares and News & Analysis subheadings under the Equities heading. Company Briefing allows for company searching by industry sector of a specific country. World Shares allows for searching by share name with options to refine by country and stock exchange. http://www.ft.com/
  • International Monetary Fund - This site includes IMF publications, featuring links to full text publications listed alphabetically, IMF Working Papers in full text, as well as the catalog of IMF publications in PDF. http://www.imf.org/external/
  • World Bank - The resources here include an Online Library; electronic version of print publications. http://www.worldbank.org/
  1. ADRs

American Depository Receipts (ADRs) are certificates issued by a US depository bank, representing foreign shares held by the bank, usually by a branch or correspondent in the country of issue. One ADR may represent a portion of a foreign share, one share or a bundle of shares of a foreign corporation. If the ADR's are "sponsored," the corporation provides financial information and other assistance to the bank and may subsidize the administration of the ADR. "Unsponsored" ADRs do not receive such assistance. ADRs are subject to the same currency, political, and economic risks as the underlying foreign share. American depository shares (ADS) are a similar form of certification.

  1. International Stock Exchange Sites

International market and firm information. These are all web-based and free/public sites via the Internet. If you are searching for a specific country's stock exchange, the best resource is to search via the web. These sites have links to stock exchange sites (Including International commodities & future exchanges)

General Information

Specific Country Exchange Sites (not comprehensive)

III.            Industry/Market Analysis

  1. Industry Research/ Analyst Reports

Industry research will give you an overview of the competitive landscape, recent trends and predictions. These sites will allow you to easily find research on a particular industry- retail, for example. Some of the research is sell-side, and some are from independent research firms. The subscription-based data through a university library is most useful here; it is best to start with these resources. Most of the free sites will give you a list of research, but will most likely make you pay for each report.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through Business School Library)

  • Investext provides timely access to analysts' reports on companies and industries, Moody's company reports, and industry reports and literature from trade and professional associations. The reports cover U.S. and international companies and are updated daily.
  • Reuters Research On Demand gives full-text investment research reports, both U.S. and international, supplied by 600 investment banks (including some leading institutions), brokerage firms and third party providers. Many of these are company reports, but some of the initiating reports have important industry information
  • Standard & Poor's provides global industry research (or industry surveys), very useful for market analysis: Execucomp and Net Advantage
  • Jupiter Communications provides web-based global research (updated regularly), emphasizes the impact of the technology on commerce and marketing. Search by vertical industry (automotive, banking, consumer products, media, healthcare, retail). Comprehensive views of industry trends & forecasts. You can get alerts emailed to you when new research is published.
  • Global Market Information Database (Euromonitor International) - Full-text database of market research reports with over a million demographic, economic and marketing statistics for 205 countries worldwide. Includes 6-year historic market size data for more than 330 consumer products in 52 countries, plus 5-year forecasts and company profiles as well as market share information. Coverage: 1977 to present, forecasts to 2016, updates are irregular.
  • Business & Company Resource Center provides Industry ranking, Products and brands, Investment reports, Industry statistics, Consumer marketing data, Emerging technology reports, and Industry newsletter news and analysis
  • Sports Business Research Network: SBRnet - Full-text database focusing on the sporting goods and sports marketing industry. Provides market research and industry news on all aspects of the industry including sports equipment sales, sports participation, sports broadcasting, sports sponsorship and sports marketing. Coverage: 1996 to the present, updated daily.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • Forrester Research - an independent research firm. Industries include Automotive, Consumer Devices & Services, Consumer Packaged Goods, Content Management, Customer Relationship Management, Enterprise Applications, Financial Services, Healthcare, IT Security, IT Spending, Infrastructure, Integration & Web Services, Manufacturing & B2B, Marketing, Media & Entertainment, Portals & Site Technology, Product Life-Cycle Management, Retail, Services & Outsourcing, Supply Chain, Telecom & Networks, Travel, User Experience. Although this site sells most of its research, there are many free reports here that are quite good. http://www.forrester.com/
  • VirtualPet.com � provides a how-to guide to learn about a specific industry or company. http://www.virtualpet.com/industry/howto/search.htm
  • Yahoo! Finance � has a specific area dedicated to industry analysis and research. http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/
  1. Industry Overviews/ Trends

Industry overviews and trends are oftentimes best found in analysts' reports (section III.A.). However, there are services that provide statistical data (for you to interpret), and that also provide analysis of statistical trends, demographics, etc.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  • Global Market Information Database (Euromonitor International) is a full-text database of market research reports on consumer markets around the globe, with profiles of major markets and consumer goods companies and demographic, economic and marketing statistics. Reports include 6-year historic market size data for consumer products worldwide, plus 5-year forecasts. Coverage: 1977 to present, forecasts to 2016

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

 

Yahoo! Finance � has a specific area dedicated to industry analysis and research. http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/

  1. Portfolio Tracking

Yahoo! Finance � has a specific area dedicated to industry analysis and research. http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/

Portfolio tracking engines can be downloaded free of charge. These engines track stock in a portfolio, calculate some measures for the portfolio and retrieve current information and news on stocks.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. SIC Codes

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) is a code system that designates a unique business activity classified by industry. Recently, the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) has replaced the U.S. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. NAICS was developed jointly by the U.S., Canada, and Mexico to provide new comparability in statistics about business activity across North America. Many companies, however, still use SIC codes; and practically speaking, SIC codes are still preferred on Wall Street. If you know the SIC code of a specific industry, and would like its correlated NAICS code, you can go to the Columbia Business School Library where you will find a manual with the changes, or you can search online at http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naicstab.htm SIC codes are useful for company comparison within a stated industry.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet: SIC Codes

  1. Company Comparison Tools

Compare two or more firms on designated criteria Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  • OSIRIS is a comprehensive database of listed corporations, banks and insurance companies around the world. In addition to the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow and ratios it contains news, ownership, ratings, earnings estimates and stock data. Covers over 120 countries, includes 25,000 publicly listed corporations (10,000 US and 15,000 non US) 1,500 banks, and 350 insurance companies. Comps are downloadable into Excel.
  • Standard & Poor's Market Insight - Contains three years of compensation history for directors and current compensation for executives for companies within the S&P 1500. Provides comparable analyses that are downloadable in Excel.

IV.            Historical Data

  1. Indices & Returns

These sites give the histories for a number of price and return indices for stocks and bonds, including indices for non-US stocks

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  • Datastream (Business Electronic Services) - Large database of statistical time series covering stocks, bonds, commodities and economic data for numerous countries, along with company profiles. See the notebook at the workstation for instructions. Coverage varies by dataset. NOTE: Datastream is only available in the Business and Economics Library (use the signup notebook at the workstation to reserve a time slot) and the Electronic Data Service Lab in Lehman Library. DSDDE - Datastream via Excel user guide (in MS Word)

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Archival Searches & Press Reports

For historical news and press releases, one can usually go to the company website, as an archive of relevant press releases is typically available. However, here are some additional resources for historical news items.

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through the Business School Library)

  • ProQuest Direct - An interdisciplinary database covering more than 2,000 professional, scholarly, trade and general interest periodicals, including full-text for over a thousand titles and indexing/abstracts for the others. The database also covers 27 primary and secondary US newspapers (including a 90-day rolling file of The New York Times), 11 of which are in full-text. ProQuest Direct represents titles found in ABI-INFORM (Global Edition), Periodicals Abstracts (Research II Edition), and Newspaper Abstracts. Coverage: varies ; Updates: Daily.
  • ABI/INFORM (ProQuest Direct) - Periodical database specializing in business literature, complete articles from hundreds of local and regional publications that chronicle the day-to-day operations of thousands of U.S. and Canadian companies. Important business trends and events as well as regional market and economic conditions also receive considerable coverage. Coverage dates from 1985 � present
  • Factiva - Full-text database providing timely and detailed facts, figures and analyses of companies, industries and financial markets. Includes industry and trade publications, news sources, and company and market data. Coverage varies by source.
  • LexisNexis Academic - An interdisciplinary, Full-text database of over 18,000 sources including newspapers, journals, wire services, newsletters, SEC filings and international company reports, case law, government documents, transcripts of broadcasts, and selected reference works.

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • Business Week Online � has an archive that dates back to 1995. http://www.businessweek.com/
  • The Economist - Searchable archive of headlines and issue dates for articles from 1995- accessible with registration. Current issue available for free on the site. http://www.economist.com/
  • Red Herring Online � Includes an archive of past issues to 1993. http://www.redherring.com/
  • Lexis-Nexis Search � The public site is not free, although you can look up headlines for free. Better to use the Business School Library link for a more complete list of news. http://www.lexisnexis.com/
  • Excite Search � has an archive. http://www.excite.com/

   V.            Financial Reporting Policy

  1. Accounting Standards, Regulators, Government Agencies, Organizations & Resources

Accounting standards are outlined and continuously updated on various sites, especially reference the FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) and IASC (International Accounting Standards Board). The laws and regulations are outlined on various governmental websites (for a complete listing of a specific federal/state/local question, it is best to search www.usa.gov). Accounting Resources can be found on various websites

Subscription-based services via the Internet (through Library)

  • ProQuest Direct � Accounting & Tax with Standards (Electronic Resources in the Business and Economics Library) - Original Pronouncements - FASB and AICPA pronouncements (including totally superseded pronouncements): FASB Statements, Interpretations, Technical Bulletins, and Concepts Statements; ARBs 43-51; APB Opinions and Statements; and AICPA Accounting Interpretations and Terminology Bulletins. Current Text - Integration of financial accounting and reporting standards arranged by topic. Contains General Standards, Industry Standards, and Current Text sections that have been totally superseded but are still applicable due to a delayed effective date. EITF Abstracts - Full text of each abstract for every issue discussed by the FASB's Emerging Issues Task Force since its inception in 1984. Also includes EITF topical index. Implementation Guides - Q&As from FASB Special Reports and other published implementation guidance. Comprehensive Topical Index - References linked to appropriate sections in the above infobases. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=302&COPT=REJTPTRhNjEmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=15403&cfc=1

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  • FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) - Includes text of statements, exposure drafts, and news releases. http://www.fasb.org/
  • US Securities and Exchange Commissions (SEC) � laws and regulations detailed. http://www.sec.gov/
  • International Accounting Standards Board (IASC) - http://www.iasb.org
  • Accounting Web � University of Rutgers accounting department has a valuable site with relevant links. http://accounting.rutgers.edu/
  • International Federation of Accountants - This site links to standards, publications, and organizational information. http://www.ifac.org/
  • SmartPros Accounting Page - This is a comprehensive source of accounting information on the Internet. http://accounting.smartpros.com/
  • Internal Revenue Service - Information on this government agency, as well as statistics (to come) and tax regulations (new and proposed). http://www.irs.gov/
  • AICPA Corporate Finance Insider - covers financial management and corporate compliance issues. http://www.cpa2biz.com/content/media/PRODUCER_CONTENT/generic_template_content/Newsletters/CorpFin_Insider.jsp
  • CFO Direct � PriceWaterhouseCoopers website that deals with financial accounting standards, issues, changes, etc. http://www.cfodirect.com/
  • CFA Institute � Certified Financial Analyst organization website that offers financial statement analysis publications and reports http://www.cfainstitute.org
  • Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) - is a private-sector, non-profit corporation, created by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to oversee the auditors of public companies in order to protect the interests of investors and further the public interest in the preparation of informative, fair, and independent audit reports. http://www.pcaobus.org/
  • Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) � state and local governmental accounting standards. http://www.gasb.org/
  • American Accounting Association (AAA) http://www.aaahq.org/
  • American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) http://www.aicpa.org/index.htm
  • Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) http://www.acfe.com/
  • Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) http://www.theiia.org/
  • Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) http://www.imanet.org/
  • National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) http://www.nasba.org

VI.            Research Tools

  1. Financial Glossaries

Financial Glossaries are useful if you are unfamiliar with a term, or would like additional insight of an obscure idea

Web-based, free/public services via the Internet

  1. Stock Screening Engines

����� Hoovers http://www.hoovers.com/free/

����� Yahoo! http://screen.yahoo.com/stocks.html

����� Reuters http://www.investor.reuters.com/nscreen/results.asp (open a free account)

����� Morningstar Stock Screener http://www.morningstar.com Go to �Tools.�

MSN Money http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/research/welcome.asp

����� Stocks Quest http://stocksquest.coe.uga.edu/C001759/world/world.htm

 

  1. Charting Engines

����������� Big Charts http://www.bigcharts.com

Technical Analysis Site http://www.technicalanalysissite.com/

Stock Technical Analysis http://www.stockta.com/